Why Do Dental Bridges Turn Black at the Gum Line

A dental bridge is a common dental restoration used to replace missing teeth. It consists of artificial teeth (pontics) that are anchored to the adjacent natural teeth or dental implants. While dental bridges can improve the aesthetics and functionality of your smile, some people may notice that their bridges develop a black line at the gum line over time.

1. Poor Oral Hygiene

Poor oral hygiene is one of the leading causes of dental bridge discoloration. When oral hygiene is neglected, plaque and bacteria accumulate on the surface of the bridge and around the gum line. Over time, this can lead to the development of tartar, which appears black in color and is difficult to remove. Regular brushing, flossing, and professional dental cleanings can help prevent this issue.

Average cost: The cost of regular dental cleanings varies depending on the location and dental office, but it typically ranges from $75 to $200.

2. Metallic Composition

Dental bridges are commonly made from various materials, including metal alloys that contain silver, gold, or other metals. These metal alloys may leach or oxidize over time, resulting in a dark appearance at the gum line. Additionally, metal-based bridges may have a porcelain coating that can wear away, revealing the underlying metal framework.

Average cost: The average cost of a metal-based dental bridge ranges from $500 to $1,200 per tooth.

3. Gum Recession

Gum recession occurs when the gum tissue pulls away from the teeth, exposing the root surface. This can create a gap between the bridge and the gums, allowing debris and bacteria to accumulate. As a result, the exposed portion of the bridge may become discolored.

Average cost: The cost of gum recession treatment varies depending on the severity and required procedure. It can range from $500 to $10,000 or more.

4. Dental Cement

The cement used to bond the dental bridge to the adjacent teeth or dental implants can gradually break down over time. This breakdown can result in micro-gaps between the bridge and the tooth, allowing bacteria and food particles to get trapped. These trapped substances can contribute to discoloration near the gum line.

Average cost: The cost of dental bridge cement replacement varies depending on the dental office, but it generally ranges from $100 to $300.

5. Smoking and Staining Substances

Smoking and consuming staining substances, such as coffee, tea, and red wine, can also contribute to the discoloration of dental bridges. These substances contain pigments that can adhere to the surface of the bridge and cause it to turn dark.

Average cost: The financial cost of quitting smoking or reducing staining substance consumption varies depending on individual choices and methods. However, the long-term health benefits outweigh any associated costs.

6. Age and Wear

Dental bridges, like natural teeth, can wear down over time. The constant pressure of chewing and biting can cause the porcelain or other materials used in the bridge to erode or chip, exposing the underlying dark metal framework.

Average cost: The replacement cost of a worn-out dental bridge ranges from $1,000 to $3,000 per tooth.

7. Inadequate Shade Matching

During the fabrication process, a dental laboratory technician matches the shade of the artificial teeth to your natural teeth. If this shade match is not accurate, the bridge may appear darker or lighter than your surrounding teeth, causing a mismatched appearance.

8. Poor Quality Materials

Using poor quality materials during the construction of a dental bridge can lead to discoloration issues. Low-quality porcelain or other materials may be more prone to staining or deterioration, resulting in a black or darkened appearance at the gum line.

9. Allergic Reactions

In some cases, individuals may experience an allergic reaction to the material used in the dental bridge. This allergic reaction can cause inflammation, which can contribute to gum darkening and discoloration.

10. Root Canal Treatment

If the natural teeth supporting the dental bridge undergo root canal treatment, the internal structure of the tooth may darken. This can, in turn, affect the appearance of the bridge at the gum line.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q: Can a discolored dental bridge be cleaned or whitened?

A: The discoloration of a dental bridge is often not reversible since it typically results from underlying factors like poor oral hygiene, metal composition, or wear and tear. However, consult your dentist for an evaluation and professional cleaning options.

Q: Can a discolored dental bridge be replaced?

A: Yes, if the discoloration is severe or if the bridge is worn out, it can be replaced with a new bridge that matches your natural teeth.

Q: How long does a dental bridge typically last?

A: With proper care and maintenance, a dental bridge can last anywhere from 5 to 15 years or longer. Regular dental check-ups and maintaining good oral hygiene practices are crucial in prolonging the lifespan of a dental bridge.